Percepción de los impactos culturales en una comunidad insular
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El turismo depende de las actitudes de los residentes, siendo fundamental el apoyo al desarrollo del sector. Los impactos del turismo son tradicionalmente de tres grupos: económicos, socioculturales y medioambientales. Este trabajo se centra en conocer la percepción que poseen los residentes en relación a diversos impactos culturales y a los cambios que puede haber generado el desarrollo turístico. La cultura puede definirse como las costumbres, y formas de pensar vinculadas a ellas, que caracterizan un grupo de personas o comunidad. En este caso la región estudiada es Ibiza, mediante un estudio descriptivo acompañado de un análisis longitudinal y una comparación con otros destinos (Mallorca y Menorca). Los resultados muestran que los residentes valoran positivamente los cambios culturales acaecidos. El turismo ha ayudado a la conservación de determinados elementos (patrimonio arquitectónico, histórico y cultural) pero no otros (actividades tradicionales como la agricultura, la ganadería y la artesanía), y ha permitido un intercambio cultural positivo entre residentes y turistas. Entre las posibles acciones correctoras hay que facilitar los intercambios culturales y la difusión de la cultura local, evitando la creación de una “pseudocultura”.
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