Use of artistic-expressive agents in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Abstract
Young people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often treated using conventional approaches. However, there is growing evidence from empirical research to support the positive effects of art therapy on the development of young people with ASD. To investigate this idea, a study was carried out with six young people with ASD, aged 14-23 years, at a Portuguese Association for Developmental Disorders and Autism centre. The qualitative methodology used for the study included a variety of data collection techniques and instruments (documentary research, participant and structured observation, focus group interview, photographic and video record). The aim of the research was to analyse the impact of two creative, dynamic activities (interaction with an art installation, and the creation of a collaborative art panel) on improving the social skills of young people with ASD. The first activity involved the creation of a space in which the subjects were placed in an imaginary war situation that appealed to their senses encouraged them to put themselves in someone else’s shoes. The second activity was carried out using a digital art board that gave each subject the freedom to express themselves graphically, and then share their thoughts/perceptions about their drawings with the rest of the group as a way of developing their ability to listen to and accept other people’s opinions. The results showed that artistic-expressive activities had a positive impact on the participants’ social skills, thus developmental and expressive benefits of art therapy for people with ASD.
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