Longitudinal study of psychosocial recovery after acute myocardial infarction
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Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate whether psychological recovery and adjustment after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are related to overprotection and social support received, as well as to clarify whether these variables have an impact on depression levels, anxiety and quality of life. In addition, we wanted to find out whether overprotection slows return to work and how it affects self-efficacy. The issues raised were evaluated in a longitudinal study of three phases (hospital convalescence and follow-up at 4 and 18 months) in a sample of 50 patients admitted by AMI. Instruments were used to record overprotection, social support, anxiety, depression, quality of life and self-efficacy. The results of the first phase showed a significant relationship between overprotection and depression and between overprotection and depression and poorer quality of life. In the second phase, overprotection was related to depression and quality of life, but only when it produced a decrease in self-efficacy. In addition, those who had not returned to work reported more overprotection. At 18 months (third phase), overprotection only predicted anxiety. In conclusion, overprotection and the decrease in self-efficacy derived from it are variables of adjustment to illness, in terms of depression, quality of life and anxiety, while social support did not show to have the weight initially expected.
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