COREQ

COnsolidated criteria for REporting Qualitative research - Checklist

This is a checklist of 32 elements that should be included in qualitative research reports.

Before submitting their manuscript, authors should use this checklist to ensure that they include all the necessary information. It is recommended that each criterion be carefully reviewed and noted on which page of the manuscript it is reported (or if it does not apply to the research being presented). Developed from: Tong Allison; Sainsbury Peter; & Craig J Jonathan (2007). Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 19(6), 349-357. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzm042 (p.352)

Nº	Item	Guide questions/Description	Reported on page nº
Domain 1: Research team and reﬂexivity
*Personal characteristics*
1	Interviewer/facilitator	Which author/s conducted the interview or focus group?
2	Credentials	What were the researcher’s credentials? E.g. PhD, MD
3	Occupation	What was their occupation at the time of the study?
4	Gender	Was the researcher male or female?
5	Experience and training	What experience or training did the researcher have?
*Relationship with participants*
6	Relationship established	Was a relationship established prior to study commencement?
7	Participant knowledge of the interviewer	What did the participants know about the researcher? e.g. personal goals, reasons for doing the research
8	Interviewer characteristics	What characteristics were reported about the inter viewer/facilitator? e.g. Bias, assumptions, reasons and interests in the research topic
Domain 2: Study design
*Theoretical framework*
9	Methodological orientation and Theory	What methodological orientation was stated to underpin the study? e.g. grounded theory, discourse analysis, ethnography, phenomenology, content analysis
*Participant selection*
10	Sampling	How were participants selected? e.g. purposive, convenience, consecutive, snowball
11	Method of approach	How were participants approached? e.g. face-to-face, telephone, mail, email
12	Sample size	How many participants were in the study?
13	Non-participation	How many people refused to participate or dropped out? Reasons?
*Setting*
14	Setting of data collection	Where was the data collected? e.g. home, clinic, workplace
15	Presence of non- participants	Was anyone else present besides the participants and researchers?
16	Description of sample	What are the important characteristics of the sample? e.g. demographic data, date
*Data collection*
17	Interview guide	Were questions, prompts, guides provided by the authors? Was it pilot tested?
18	Repeat interviews	Were repeat inter views carried out? If yes, how many?
19	Audio/visual recording	Did the research use audio or visual recording to collect the data?
20	Field notes	Were ﬁeld notes made during and/or after the inter view or focus group?
21	Duration	What was the duration of the inter views or focus group?
22	Data saturation	Was data saturation discussed?
23	Transcripts returned	Were transcripts returned to participants for comment and/or correction?
Domain 3: analysis and ﬁndings
*Data analysis*
24	Number of data coders	How many data coders coded the data?
25	Description of the coding tree	Did authors provide a description of the coding tree?
26	Derivation of themes	Were themes identiﬁed in advance or derived from the data?
27	Software	What software, if applicable, was used to manage the data?
28	Participant checking	Did participants provide feedback on the ﬁndings?
*Reporting*
29	Quotations presented	Were participant quotations presented to illustrate the themes/ﬁndings? Was each quotation identiﬁed? e.g. participant number
30	Data and ﬁndings consistent	Was there consistency between the data presented and the ﬁndings?
31	Clarity of major themes	Were major themes clearly presented in the ﬁndings?
32	Clarity of minor themes	Is there a description of diverse cases or discussion of minor themes?