Identidade étnica e satisfação com a vida na adolescência migrante: Uma análise numa perspetiva socioeducativa
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https://doi.org/10.17979/reipe.2026.13.2.13299Resumo
Nas últimas décadas, o aumento da população infantil e adolescente nos fluxos migratórios internacionais tem suscitado um interesse cada vez maior no âmbito da investigação socioeducativa. Neste contexto, o desenvolvimento da identidade étnica representa um desafio importante para a adolescência migrante, especialmente tendo em conta a relação hierárquica que existe entre a cultura dominante e as culturas minoritárias na sociedade de acolhimento. Além disso, a satisfação com a vida é um indicador fundamental da adaptação psicossocial associada aos processos de aculturação. Este artigo tem dois objetivos. Em primeiro lugar, examinar a identidade étnica e a aculturação ao longo das diferentes fases da adolescência (inicial, média e tardia) em jovens migrantes. Em segundo lugar, analisar a relação entre estas fases de desenvolvimento e a satisfação com a vida. Foi utilizado um desenho quantitativo, descritivo e transversal com uma amostra de 295 adolescentes provenientes de 33 países, com idades compreendidas entre os 11 e os 19 anos (M = 15,24; DP = 2,01). Os resultados indicam níveis mais elevados de satisfação com a vida na adolescência precoce do que na tardia. Não foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significativas nas dimensões de identidade étnica e aculturação. Os resultados destacam a importância de ter em conta esta fase evolutiva ao analisar as experiências da adolescência migrante, dados os múltiplos desafios de adaptação e aculturação que esta enfrenta. Sugerem-se possíveis implicações socioeducativas para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas e educativas destinadas a promover o seu bem-estar.
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