Gender equality among footballers in the early age-stage: a predictive model
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- Pedro Gil-Madrona+−
- Luz Marina Méndez Hinojosa+−
- José Luis Gómez Ramos+−
- Pedro Valdivia-Moral+−
- Shaeed Ghorbani+−
- Pedrona Serra-Payeras+−
- Susana Soler-Prat+−
- María Gil-García+−
- Ratko Pavlovic+−
- Osmar Moreira de Souza-Júnior+−
- Iryna Skrypchenko+−
- Iván Puebla-Martín+−
- Irene Navarro-Clemente+−
- María Yareli Delgado+−
Abstract
Given that female football remains predominantly male-dominated, this study investigates the relationship between sexist beliefs, gender relations, and perceived motor skills among male and female footballers. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of a predictive model for these factors and determine whether it varies by gender. The study sampled 5,065 students (48.9% male, 51.1% female) from eight countries across four continents, with an average age of 13.43 years. The Brief Scale of Attitudes towards Gender Equality in Football in the School Environment (EBAIGFU) was used for assessment. The findings revealed that the predictive model showed a good fit across all samples, with significant effects from perceived motor competence. Notably, two strong direct effects were observed in the women’s model, compared to one in the men’s one. The results underscore the importance of supporting perceived competence to improve gender equity and reduce discriminatory attitudes in youth football.
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