Impact of oriented physical activity on psychomotor development in early childhood
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Abstract
Physical activity practiced regularly before the first 36 months of life is a crucial aspect in establishing the basis for the necessary motor skills in children, thus benefiting their physical, social and cognitive development. The aim of this study was to check whether the practice of oriented physical activity during early childhood was beneficial for psychomotor development in a sample of children aged 0-3 years from the Community of Cantabria. The sample consisted of two nursery schools that previously promoted free movement: the intervention group, composed of students from the Chiquitín Nursery School (n=23) where a program of guided physical activity aimed at improving motor development was carried out, and the control group, composed of students from the La Cucaña Nursery School (n=14) who were encouraged to maintain the same activities as before. Both groups performed a pre-post test using an ad hoc test, based on the evolutionary milestones of the Denver Test. The results show improvements in both groups as a result of the biological and physiological maturation process of the children, although they were only significant (p < .001) in the intervention group compared to the control group. It is concluded that the practice of oriented physical activity from an early age can have a positive impact on the motor development of children.
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