Contenido principal del artículo

Juan Camilo Díaz-Cortés
Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
Colombia
Víctor Hernández-Beltrán
Universidad de Extremadura
España
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7449-5734
Lizeth Fernanda Solano-Ruiz
Universidad Pegagógica Nacional
Colombia
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9835-0616
Julián Andrés Cepeda-Hernández
Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
Colombia
Gabriel Esteban Méndez-Castro
Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
Colombia
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2645-298X
Boryi A. Becerra-Patiño
Universidad Pedagógica Nacional
Colombia
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9581-5071
José M. Gamonales
Universidad de Extremadura
España
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2444-1535
Vol. 10 Núm. 3 (2024), Artículos Originales, Páginas 735-761
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2024.10.3.10779
Recibido: may. 28, 2024 Aceptado: ago. 14, 2024 Publicado: sept. 1, 2024
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Resumen

En el fútbol, las variables de fuerza, velocidad y flexibilidad están asociadas a la capacidad de rendimiento deportivo de los atletas, siendo estos determinantes no sólo para adaptarse a las exigencias de la competición, sino que al mismo tiempo la flexibilidad puede ayudar a reducir el riesgo de lesiones. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el efecto sobre la fuerza y la velocidad tras reducir el acortamiento muscular. Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo con un diseño transversal observacional-analítico. La muestra evaluada consistió en 22 jugadores de categoría sub-13 con una edad media de 13.40±0.66 años, una altura de 156.95±9.27 centímetros y una masa corporal de 44.54±7.29 kilogramos. Se dividieron aleatoriamente en un grupo de control (n=10), y un grupo experimental (n=12). El grupo experimental se sometió a una intervención de 8 semanas con estiramientos estáticos, incorporando el método de Facilitación Neuromuscular Propioceptiva en la cuarta semana para disminuir el acortamiento muscular antes de la prueba posterior. La extensión de rodilla y la dorsiflexión se evaluaron utilizando un goniómetro, y las habilidades físicas se midieron a través de la aplicación My Jump Lab, incluyendo Squat Jump, Counter Movement Jump, Counter Movement Jump with Arms, el test nórdico de isquiotibiales y la velocidad en 10, 20 y 30 metros utilizando la app Runmatic. Se observaron resultados significativos (p<0.05) para la altura de salto en Squat Jump, altura de salto, tiempo de vuelo y velocidad en Counter Movement Jump, torque en el test Nordics y velocidad en 30 metros. Según los resultados del presente estudio parece que la flexibilidad influye en la capacidad de salto vertical y en la velocidad.

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