Propuesta escolar gamificada en interior y exterior para generar hábitos saludables

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Publicado: may. 1, 2024

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Roberto Silva Piñeiro
Grupo VALUOFIS COLEF Galicia - Grupo REMOSS Universidade de Vigo
España
Vol. 10 Núm. 2 (2024), Artículos Originales, Páginas 349-376
DOI: https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2024.10.2.10626
Recibido: abr. 7, 2024 Aceptado: abr. 26, 2024 Publicado: may. 1, 2024
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Resumen

Es importante tener en cuenta que el sedentarismo y los hábitos poco saludables están influyendo en las aulas en los últimos años, y al mismo tiempo han surgido metodologías que pretenden dar respuesta a ellos. La gamificación es una de estas metodologías innovadoras que utiliza el juego para trabajar aspectos no lúdicos en el aula. Sus posibilidades son infinitas, ya que dependen de la imaginación y ganas del profesorado a la hora de crear nuevos retos. A partir de una revisión científica sobre competencias curriculares, gamificación y los términos scape room y breakout educativo, se llevó a cabo una intervención para comprobar los beneficios del uso de la gamificación en un aula de Educación Primaria para promover hábitos saludables y activos. La muestra estuvo formada por 96 alumnos de tres centros de primaria de Coruña y Pontevedra durante 2022-2023. La propuesta práctica se llevó a cabo durante cuatro semanas en varias sesiones interiores y exteriores, y contó con la colaboración y participación activa de los sujetos estudiados, quienes debieron superar una serie de desafíos. La mecánica, dinámica y componentes de este juego crearon una escena de juego en la que los estudiantes debían detener una amenaza e intentar establecer un estilo de vida saludable. Para la recopilación de datos se utilizó un cuestionario de salud y cuidados de 15 ítems y un objetivo de autoevaluación. Los participantes obtuvieron mejoras en resultados positivos en salud física, mental y social y hábitos saludable. La gamificación es una metodología adecuada para conseguir hábitos saludables y activos en la educación primaria en periodos cortos de intervención, pero es necesario tomarlo con cautela, analizar la carga docente y su adaptabilidad, e investigar incluso desde edades más tempranas.

Palabras clave:

hábitos saludables, entorno natural, gamificación, educación primaria

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