Estudio descriptivo-comparativo para analizar los niveles y patrones de actividad física durante sesiones estructuradas de movimiento en Educación Infantil: especial atención al papel del profesorado
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Dado que el comportamiento del profesorado y el género del estudiantado son correlatos de la actividad física durante las sesiones de movimiento estructurado en la primera infancia, los profesores deben desarrollar estrategias de enseñanza eficaces para promover la actividad física, con especial atención a las niñas. Siguiendo un diseño descriptivo-comparativo, los objetivos de este estudio fueron: (a) analizar los niveles y patrones de actividad física durante dos sesiones de movimiento estructurado bajo el marco de la psicomotricidad experiencial utilizando métodos de acelerometría y observación directa; (b) evaluar el impacto de una intervención corta formalizada que se centra en el análisis de la actividad física durante las sesiones de movimiento estructurado; y (c) explorar a través del dibujo infantil, la experiencia de movimiento de los niñas y niños durante ambas sesiones. Nuestros principales resultados fueron los siguientes: (a) la intervención tuvo un impacto positivo en los niveles y patrones de actividad física en las niñas durante una sesión de movimiento estructurado; (b) el papel activo de la maestra durante las sesiones podría tener un impacto positivo en los niveles de actividad física favoreciendo composiciones de grupo más diversas, especialmente con las niñas; (c) la representación gráfica actúa como una fuente de conocimiento que ayuda tanto a la maestra como a las niñas y niños a dar sentido a sus experiencias de movimiento. Nuestros resultados son útiles para comprender cómo el papel del profesorado durante la psicomotricidad experiencial puede promover la actividad física en la primera infancia.
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