Dark leadership: una aproximación al estudio de liderazgos tóxicos y su impacto en la industria hotelera.
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El liderazgo puede constituir un factor diferencial clave para lograr el éxito empresarial. Por ello, su estudio ha cobrado una creciente importancia con la intención de discernir aquellos estilos de liderazgo que generan mayores efectos positivos en los entornos organizativos. Sin embargo, no todos los jefes adoptan liderazgos positivos, demostrando distintos estudios que en determinados sectores —como la industria hotelera— es frecuente encontrar los denominados “liderazgos destructivos”, los cuales pueden generar importantes efectos negativos para las organizaciones y sus miembros. El presente trabajo pretende revisar determinados estilos negativos de liderazgo, analizando algunos de sus efectos en trabajadores de hotel. En concreto, se presenta un estudio en el que se analizan los efectos de dos liderazgos destructivos (la supervisión abusiva y el liderazgo despótico) en la intención de permanecer en la empresa en una muestra de empleados de hoteles certificados con la Q de Calidad del Instituto de Calidad Turística Española (ICTE). Este estudio pretende ofrecer una explicación a las altas tasas de absentismo y rotación habituales en el sector, que han derivado en un problema actual para las empresas hoteleras, las cuales enfrentan dificultades para captar y retener el talento. Los resultados de este estudio demuestran el impacto negativo de los liderazgos destructivos en la intención de continuar en el trabajo del empleado hotelero.
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