Efectos de un programa escolar de actividad física y deporte en el bienestar infantil
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- Pompilio Cusano+−
- Giuseppe Di Lascio+−
- Agron Kasa+−
- Arben Kaçurri+−
- Fiore Mazza+−
- Genoveffa De Cesare+−
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2026.12.1.12457Resumen
La actividad física desempeña un papel crucial en el desarrollo general de los niños, ya que influye en diversos aspectos de su vida cotidiana. Sin embargo, la obesidad y la inactividad física se encuentran entre los principales problemas de salud pública a nivel mundial. Resulta esencial promover el deporte en las escuelas como estrategia eficaz para combatir la obesidad, animando a los niños a desarrollar hábitos de vida activos que podrían perdurar en la edad adulta. El objetivo de este estudio era medir el impacto de la participación regular en actividades deportivas sobre el bienestar general en el contexto de la escuela primaria. Los participantes, 200 alumnos, se sometieron a un programa estructurado de actividad física durante seis meses, con sesiones de ejercicio tres veces por semana. Las mediciones previas y posteriores a la intervención incluyeron evaluaciones del bienestar psicológico, físico y social mediante cuestionarios estandarizados y pruebas físicas. Los resultados mostraron una reducción significativa de los niveles de ansiedad y depresión, un aumento de la autoestima y mejoras en habilidades sociales como la cooperación y el autocontrol. Desde una perspectiva física, los participantes registraron mejoras en la resistencia cardiorrespiratoria, la fuerza muscular y una reducción del índice de masa corporal (IMC). Estos resultados sugieren que la integración de la actividad física en la rutina escolar podría tener efectos beneficiosos significativos en el bienestar general de los niños, promoviendo hábitos saludables y combatiendo la obesidad infantil.
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