Ansiedad precompetitiva y factores asociados en jóvenes futbolistas femeninas en el deporte escolar
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https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2026.12.1.12449Resumen
La ansiedad precompetitiva en jóvenes futbolistas se refiere a los sentimientos de tensión o preocupación que surgen en estas atletas antes de un partido o competición. Esta forma de ansiedad puede manifestarse de diversas maneras, como respuestas cognitivas, conductuales y fisiológicas, y puede afectar al rendimiento y al bienestar general de la atleta. Nuestra investigación actual tiene como objetivo estudiar los factores asociados con la ansiedad precompetitiva en las jóvenes futbolistas. Un total de 122 jugadoras de fútbol juvenil de varios clubes completaron el Inventario de Ansiedad Estatal de Spielberger (STAI) justo antes de los partidos competitivos. Se recopilaron otros datos relacionados con la práctica de este deporte de nuestro grupo de estudio. Los resultados derivados de la aplicación de la escala STAI muestran que el 35 % de los participantes en nuestro estudio presentan puntuaciones indicativas de niveles significativamente elevados de ansiedad precompetitiva. El apoyo familiar, la antigüedad en el club y la intervención psicológica de los entrenadores fueron factores asociados con niveles más bajos de ansiedad precompetitiva en las jóvenes futbolistas. Las intervenciones psicológicas también pueden ayudar a reducir la ansiedad precompetitiva en estas jóvenes atletas. Los entrenadores y los padres deben tener en cuenta estos factores cuando trabajen con jóvenes futbolistas. Los entornos de entrenamiento y competición deben ser inclusivos y sensibles al género, y se debe animar a las jugadoras a fijarse objetivos realistas y a trabajar en técnicas para gestionar la ansiedad competitiva.
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