Main Article Content

Luther Jose O. Eroa
Batangas State University TNEU
Philippines
Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026), Original papers, pages 1-19

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2026.12.1.12132
Submitted: 2025-05-24 Published: 2026-01-01
Copyright How to Cite

Abstract

This study investigated the association between sports enjoyment and academic resilience among college student-athletes from a selected higher education institution in the Philippines. Existing research suggests that enjoyment derived from physical activity can positively influence psychological outcomes, yet the direct relationship between sports enjoyment and academic resilience remains underexplored in Southeast Asian contexts. Employing a quantitative, correlational research design, data were collected from 229 purposively selected student-athletes through an online survey consisting of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale-8 (PACES-8) and the Academic Resilience Scale-30 (ARS-30). Instrument reliability and validity were first established. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Version 29 for macOS. A simple linear regression analysis indicated that sports enjoyment was not significantly associated with academic resilience (R² = .002, p = .477), leading to the rejection of the study’s hypothesis. This result suggests that although sports enjoyment may enhance well-being and athletic participation, it may not directly contribute to the development of academic resilience. The findings point to the need for more comprehensive models that include mediating or moderating variables such as academic self-efficacy, social support, or perceived control. This study contributes context-specific evidence to the literature on student-athlete well-being in the Philippines and underscores the importance of multidimensional interventions that extend beyond emotional experiences in sport.

Article Details

References

Amoadu, M., Hagan, J. E., Obeng, P., Agormedah, E. K., Srem-Sai, M., & Schack, T. (2025). Academic Resilience and Motivation as Predictors of Academic Engagement Among Rural and Urban High School Students in Ghana. Youth, 5(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/youth5010011

Batucan, H. J. S., Panganiban, T. D., Rojales, F. H., Hanief, Y. N., Gabunilas, J. M. C. M., Dela Cruz, L. A., Prevandos, F. G., Bernales, J. J. C., Punzalan, K. D., Atienza, J. B., Tanglao, R. S., & Lalog, R. C. N. (2025). Mediating role of sports emotions in implicit beliefs and mental toughness among athletes. Sportis. Scientific Journal of School Sport, Physical Education and Psychomotricity, 11(3), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2025.11.3.11863

Batucan, H. J. S., Panganiban, T. D., Salaguste, K. M. C., Gabunilas, J. M. C. M., Manimtim, R. M., Cumal, J. I. V., San Miguel, M. H., Eroa, L. J., Ronquillo, E. T., Gose, D. L., & Lobo, J. (2025). The crucial role of perceived control in adolescent athletes’ success: A study of engagement in the Philippines. Sportis. Scientific Journal of School Sport, Physical Education and Psychomotricity, 11(2), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2025.11.2.11656

Boonekamp, G. M., Dierx, J. A., & Jansen, E. (2021). Motivating students for physical activity: What can we learn from student perspectives? European Physical Education Review, 27(3), 512–528. https://doi.org/10.1177/1356336X20970215

Bugten, J. B., Haugen, T., Ivarsson, A., Knight, C. J., Ommundsen, Y., Spencer, M. R., Stenling, A., & Solstad, B. E. (2025). Daily measures of sport enjoyment, social interaction, and attendance among female adolescent handball players. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 79, 102852. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2025.102852

Cao, L., Ao, X., Zheng, Z., Ran, Z., & Lang, J. (2024). Exploring the impact of physical exercise on mental health among female college students: The chain mediating role of coping styles and psychological resilience. Frontiers in Psychology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1466327

Cassidy, S. (2016). The Academic Resilience Scale (ARS-30): A New Multidimensional Construct Measure. Frontiers in Psychology, 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01787

Chao, R. Y. (2022). Higher Education in the Philippines. In L. P. Symaco & M. Hayden (Eds.), International Handbook on Education in South East Asia (pp. 1–28). Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8136-3_7-2

Chen, K., Liu, F., Mou, L., Zhao, P., & Guo, L. (2022). How physical exercise impacts academic burnout in college students: The mediating effects of self-efficacy and resilience. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.964169

Chiou, S.-S., Hsu, Y., Chiu, Y.-H., Chou, C.-C., Gill, D. L., & Lu, F. J. (2020). Seeking Positive Strengths in Buffering Athletes’ Life Stress–Burnout Relationship: The Moderating Roles of Athletic Mental Energy. Frontiers in Psychology, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03007

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic Motivation and Self-Determination in Human Behavior. Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2271-7

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2015). Self-Determination Theory. In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (pp. 486–491). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.26036-4

Eather, N., Wade, L., Pankowiak, A., & Eime, R. (2023). The impact of sports participation on mental health and social outcomes in adults: A systematic review and the ‘Mental Health through Sport’ conceptual model. Systematic Reviews, 12(1), 102–102. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-023-02264-8

Estaño, E. A. O., & Gomez, O. N. (2025). Student athletes at risk of failing in academics: The case of public high school students. International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research, 3(5), 696–712. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.15443102

Fletcher, D., & Sarkar, M. (2012). A grounded theory of psychological resilience in Olympic champions. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 13(5), 669–678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2012.04.007

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39. https://doi.org/10.2307/3151312

Guo, W., Wang, J., Li, N., & Wang, L. (2025). The impact of teacher emotional support on learning engagement among college students mediated by academic self-efficacy and academic resilience. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 3670. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88187-x

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., & Ray, S. (2021). Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R: A Workbook. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7

Hair, J. F., Risher, J. J., Sarstedt, M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). When to use and how to report the results of PLS-SEM. European Business Review, 31(1), 2–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/EBR-11-2018-0203

Hashim, H., Grove, R. J., & Whipp, P. (2008). Validating the Youth Sport Enjoyment Construct in High School Physical Education. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 79(2), 183–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2008.10599482

Hu, H., Peng, B., Chen, W., Wang, H., & Yu, T. (2025). How psychological resilience shapes adolescents’ sports participation: The mediating effect of exercise motivation. Frontiers in Psychology, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1546754

Jaspe, C., Deguma, J. K., Malones, E. R., Puljanan, R., Moreno, F. D., Paclibar, W., & Lobo, J. (2024). Sports enjoyment on academic resilience: Unexplored issue of student-athletes in the higher education landscape in the Philippines. Journal of Physical Education, 35(1). https://doi.org/10.4025/jphyseduc.v35i1.3549

Kegelaers, J. (2023). Are we really studying resilience in sport? A critical review of adopted methodologies. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1270887

Li, J., Leng, Z., Tang, K., Na, M., Li, Y., & Shah Alam, S. (2024). Multidimensional impact of sport types on the psychological well-being of student athletes: A multivariate investigation. Heliyon, 10(11), e32331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32331

Lobo, J. (2023). Perceived Physical Education Teachers’ Emotional Support and its direct interrelation to Learners’ Academic Resilience. Sportis. Scientific Technical Journal of School Sport, Physical Education and Psychomotricity, 9(3), 527–544. https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2023.9.3.9797

Lobo, J. (2024). Perceived instructor’s emotional support and its mediating effect to students’ academic resilience and study engagement: In the case of a higher education institution in the Philippines. Interpersona: An International Journal on Personal Relationships, 18(2), 238–264. https://doi.org/10.5964/ijpr.10549

Longakit, J. C., Lobo, J., Rodriguez, D., Tagare Jr., R., Panganiban, T., Sinag, J. M., Gula, L., Geantă, V. A., Gazali, N., Quibral, J., Mondido, C. A., & Aquino, J. M. (2025). Discipline in practice and study: A cross-sectional study on grit and academic engagement in combat sport athletes. Sportis. Scientific Journal of School Sport, Physical Education and Psychomotricity, 11(3), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2025.11.3.11651

Longakit, J., Lobo, J., Gazali, N., Toring-Aque, L., Sayson, M., Aque Jr., F., Panganiban, T., Tagare Jr., R. L., Garcia Jr., A. L., Aquino, J. M. D., Sinag, J. M. D., & Celestial, E. F. (2025). The influence of teacher emotional support on academic engagement of university students: Examining the mediating role of academic motivation through the lens of Self-determination theory. Sportis. Scientific Journal of School Sport, Physical Education and Psychomotricity, 11(2), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2025.11.2.11328

Martin, A. J., Nejad, H., Colmar, S., & Liem, G. A. D. (2012). Adaptability: Conceptual and Empirical Perspectives on Responses to Change, Novelty and Uncertainty. Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling, 22(1), 58–81. https://doi.org/10.1017/jgc.2012.8

Martín-Rodríguez, A., Gostian-Ropotin, L. A., Beltrán-Velasco, A. I., Belando-Pedreño, N., Simón, J. A., López-Mora, C., Navarro-Jiménez, E., Tornero-Aguilera, J. F., & Clemente-Suárez, V. J. (2024). Sporting Mind: The Interplay of Physical Activity and Psychological Health. Sports, 12(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.3390/sports12010037

McCarthy, P. J., Jones, M. V., & Clark-Carter, D. (2008). Understanding enjoyment in youth sport: A developmental perspective. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 9(2), 142–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychsport.2007.01.005

Mullen, S. P., Olson, E. A., Phillips, S. M., Szabo, A. N., Wójcicki, T. R., Mailey, E. L., Gothe, N. P., Fanning, J. T., Kramer, A. F., & McAuley, E. (2011). Measuring enjoyment of physical activity in older adults: Invariance of the physical activity enjoyment scale (paces) across groups and time. International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 8(1), 103–103. https://doi.org/10.1186/1479-5868-8-103

Orlanes, A. A., Fernandez, A. M., Panganiban, J. A. E., & Panganiban, T. D. C. (2024). Mental Toughness and Adaptability in Game Matches Towards Resiliency of Sepaktakraw Athletes. Physical Education and Sports: Studies and Research, 3(2), 155–168. https://doi.org/10.56003/pessr.v3i2.372

Paghubasan, M. D. (2022). Development of a Sports Performance Metric for the State Universities and Colleges in the Philippines. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 10(2), 343–350. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2022.100227

Panganiban, T., Camarador, R., Tagare Jr., R., Lobo, J., Sinag, J. M., Quibral, J., Longakit, J., Gula, L., Santos, J., San Miguel, M., & Mendoza, D. (2024). Interweaving perceived instructors’ emotional support and students’ academic resilience in the physical education context through the lens of mindset and attachment theories. Sportis. Scientific Journal of School Sport, Physical Education and Psychomotricity, 11(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2025.11.1.11202

Pasno, A. (2024). Impact of sports enjoyment on academic resilience among student-athletes. Physical Education of Students, 28(4), 210–217. https://doi.org/10.15561/20755279.2024.0403

Qi, C. (2025). The impact of adolescent innovation on academic resilience, distance learning self-efficacy, and academic performance. Scientific Reports, 15(1), 12396. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-91542-7

Rodríguez Macías, M., Abad Robles, M. T., & Giménez Fuentes-Guerra, F. J. (2021). Effects of Sport Teaching on Students’ Enjoyment and Fun: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.708155

Ross, P. M., Scanes, E., & Locke, W. (2023). Stress adaptation and resilience of academics in higher education. Asia Pacific Education Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-023-09829-1

Ryan & Deci, E. L. (2018). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic, social development, and well-being. The American Psychologist, 55(1), 68-78.-68-78. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.68

Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., & Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges: Interdisciplinary perspectives. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338

Xia, Y., Luo, M., Liu, B., Fan, Y., Tang, K., Tang, Y., & Zhang, X. (2025). The influence of college students’ exercise participation on feelings of self-deficiency: The mediating effect of social support. Frontiers in Psychology, 16. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1560859

Xu, S., Liu, Z., Tian, S., Ma, Z., Jia, C., & Sun, G. (2021). Physical Activity and Resilience among College Students: The Mediating Effects of Basic Psychological Needs. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(7), 3722–3722. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073722

Yang, S., & Wang, W. (2022). The Role of Academic Resilience, Motivational Intensity and Their Relationship in EFL Learners’ Academic Achievement. Frontiers in Psychology, 12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.823537

Zhang, G., Feng, W., Zhao, L., Zhao, X., & Li, T. (2024). The association between physical activity, self-efficacy, stress self-management and mental health among adolescents. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 5488. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-56149-4