Xénero, Vulnerabilidades e Resiliencia: Una aproximación crítica ao caso español
Barra lateral do artigo
Contido principal do artigo
Resumo
A vulnerabilidade e a resiliencia son dous conceptos actualmente presentes na maioría das políticas sociais, que se posicionaron nos principais discursos ao redor da redución da desigualdade de xénero. As accións actuais para mitigar a vulnerabilidade enfócanse na procura de resiliencia e as políticas públicas oriéntanse baixo este paradigma.
A través dunha metodoloxía de revisión bibliográfica, este artigo, realiza unha análise crítica das dimensións da vulnerabilidade e a resiliencia presentes actualmente nas políticas sociais e de desenvolvemento en España que abordan a desigualdade de xénero e permean ao sistema de benestar social. A evolución das políticas españolas mostra un cambio no tratamento das mulleres, pasando de ser vistas como un suxeito individual (grupo vulnerable) a ser vistas como mulleres con axencia en situacións de vulnerabilidade. Con todo, este feito provoca poucos cambios nas estruturas que xeran desigualdade e situacións de vulnerabilidade e coexiste coa transferencia de responsabilidade presente nos enfoques actuais de resiliencia.
Palabras clave:
Descargas
Detalles do artigo
Citas
Alston, M. (2009). Drought Policy in Australia: gender mainstreaming or gender blindness? Journal of Gender, Place and Culture, 16(2), 13-154.
Alwang, J., Siegel, P. and Jorgensen, S. (2001). Vulnerability: a view from different disciplines, Social Protection Discussion Paper Series. World Bank.
Ariyabandu, M. M. (2009). Sex, Gender and Gender Relations in Disaster. In E. Enarson and P.G.D Chakrabarti (Eds.), Women, Gender and Disaster: Global Issues and Initiatives (pp. 5-17). Sage Publications.
Benería, L. (2006). Trabajo Productivo/ Reproductivo, Pobreza y Políticas de Conciliación Nómadas, 24, 8-21.
Bradshaw, S. (2013). Gender, Development and Disasters. Cheltenhan, UK: Edward Elgar.
Brown, W. (2019). In the Ruins: The Rise of Anti-Democratic Politics in the West. Columbia University Press.
Brown, W. (2015). Undoing the Demos: Neoliberalism's Stealth Revolution. Zone Books.
Bunce, A. and Ford, J. (2015). How is adaptation, resilience, and vulnerability research engaging with gender? Environmental Research Letter, 10, 1-11.
Busso, G. (2001). Vulnerabilidad social: nociones e implicancias de políticas para Latinoamérica a inicios del siglo XXI. CEPAL, Informe de la Reunión de Expertos: Seminario Internacional sobre las Diferentes Expresiones de la Vulnerabilidad Social en América Latina y el Caribe. División de Población de la CEPAL/CELADE.
Butler, J. (1990). Gender trouble. Feminism and the subversion of identity. Routledge.
Cannon, T. and Muller-Mahn, D. (2010). Vulnerability, resilience and development discourses in context of climate change. Natural Hazards, 55(3), 621–635.
Carballo, M. and Leyra, B. (2017). Consideraciones sobre la pobreza y las desigualdades de género. In M. Carballo (Ed.), Género y Desarrollo. Cuestiones clave desde una perspectiva feminista (pp. 75-100). Los Libros de la Catarata.
Cardona, O. (2004). The need for rethinking the concepts of vulnerability and risk from a holistic perspective: a necessary review and criticism for effective risk management. In G. Bankoff, (Ed.), Mapping vulnerability. Disasters, development & people (pp. 37-51). Earthscan.
Chandler, D. (2013). International State building and the Ideology of Resilience. Politics 33(4), 276-286.
Connell, R. W. (2012). Gender in world perspective. Polity Press.
Cote, M. and Nightingale, A.J. (2012). Resilience thinking meets social theory: Situating social change in socio-ecological systems (SES) research. Progress in Human Geography, 36, 475–489.
Crenshaw, K. W. (1991). Mapping the margins: Intersectionality, identity politics, and violence against women of color. Stanford Law Review, 43(6), 1241-1299.
Crenshaw, K (1989). Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics. University of Chicago Legal Forum, 1(8), 139-167.
Dagdeviren, H., Donoghue, M. and Promberger, M. (2015). Resilience, Hardship and Social Conditions. Journal of Social Policy, 45(1), 1-20.
Dasgupta, S., Siriner, I. and Partha, S.D. (Eds.) (2010). Women’s Encounter with Disaster. Frontpage Publications.
Davidson, D. (2010). The applicability of the concept of resilience to social systems: some sources of optimism and nagging doubts. Society & Natural Resources, 23(12), 1135–1149.
Derickson, K. D. (2016). Resilience is not enough. City, 20(1), 161–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/13604813.2015.1125713
DGPOLDES (2018). Construcción de Resiliencia para el Bienestar. Directrices para la Cooperación Española. Madrid: Subdirección General de Planificación, Coherencia de Políticas y Evaluación. Dirección General de Políticas de Desarrollo Sostenible. Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y Cooperación.
Dolfsma, W. and Verburg, R. (2008). Structure, Agency and the Role of Values in Processes of Institutional Change. Journal of Economic Issues, 42(4), 1031-1054.
Duit, A., Eckerberg, K., Galaz, V. and Ebbeson, J. (2010). Governance, complexity, and resilience. Global Environmental Change, 20(3), 363–368.
Enarson, E. and Morrow, B. H. (1998). Why gender? Why women? An introduction to women and disaster. In E. Enarson and B. H. Morrow (Eds.), The gendered Terrain of Disaster Trough Women´s Eyes (pp. 1-9). Praeger.
Fineman, M. A. (2008). The Vulnerable Subject: Anchoring Equality in the Human Condition. Yale Journal of Law & Feminism, 20(1), 1-23.
Fineman, M. A. (2013). Equality, autonomy and the vulnerable subject in law and politics. In M. Fineman and A. Grear (Eds.), Vulnerability: Reflections on a New Ethical Foundation for Law and Politics (pp.13–29). Ashgate.
Flynn, E. A., Sotirin, P. and Brady, A. (eds.) (2012). Feminist Rhetorical Resilience. University Press of Colorado.
Fraser, M. W. (2004). Risk and Resilience in Childhood: An Ecological Perspective, (2nd Edition). NASW Press.
Fraser, M. W., Richman, J. M. and Galinsky, M. (1999). Risk, protection, and resilience: Toward a conceptual framework for social work practice. Social Work Research, 23(3), 131-143.
Greene, R. R. (Ed.) (2002). Resilience: An Integrated Approach to Practice, Policy, and Research. NASW Press.
Harrison, E. (2013). Bouncing back? Recession, resilience and everyday lives. Critical Social Policy, 33(1), 97-113.
Hannigan, J. (1995). Environmental sociology. A social constructionist perspective. Routledge.
Hayek, F.A. (1967). Studies in Philosophy, Politics and Economics. Routledge and Kegan Paul.
Hoffman, S. and Smith, A. O. (1999). Anthropology and the angry Earth: an overview. In O. A. Smith and S. Hoffman (Eds.), The angry Earth. Disaster in anthropological perspective (pp. 1-16). Routledge.
Holling, C.S. (1973). Resilience and stability of ecological systems. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics, 4, 1–23.
Holling, C.S. (2001). Understanding the complexity of economic, ecological and social systems. Ecosystems, 4, 390–405.
Hooks, B (2000a). Feminist theory: From margin to center. Pluto Press.
Hooks, B. (2000b). Feminism is for everybody. South End Press.
Jaramillo, L.G. (2003). ¿Qué es Epistemología? Cinta moebio, 18, 174-178.
Jost, C., Ferdous, N. and Spicer, T. D. (2014). Caja de herramientas de género e inclusión; investigación participativa sobre cambio climático y agricultura. CATIE; CGIAR; CCAFS; CARE Internacional; ICRAF.
Kabeer, N. (2008). Mainstreaming gender in social protection for the informal economy. London: Commonwealth Secretariat.
Liang, J. and Li, Y. (2020). Resilience and sustainable development goals based social-ecological indicators and assessment of coastal urban areas. A case study of Dapeng New District, Shenzhen, China. Watershed Ecology and the Environment, 2, 6-15.
MacKinnon, D. and Derickson, K. (2013). From resilience to resourcefulness: A critique of resilience policy and activism. Progress in Human Geography, 37(2), 253–270.
MacLeavy, J., Fannin, M. and Larner, W. (2021). Feminism and futurity: Geographies of resistance, resilience and reworking. Progress in Human Geography, 45(6), 1558-1579. https://doi.org/10.1177/03091325211003327
Mc Robbie (2020). Feminism and the politics of resilience: Essays on gender, media and the end of welfare. Polity Press.
Mahon, R. and Robinson, F. (2011). Feminist Ethics and Social Policy: Towards a new global political economy of care. UBC Press.
Marchese, D., Reynolds, E., Bates, M. E., Morgan, H., Spierre, S. and Linkov, C. (2018). Resilience and sustainability: Similarities and differences in environmental management applications. Science of the Total Environment, 613–614, 1275-1283.
Meerow, S., Newell, J. P. and Stults, M. (2016). Defining urban resilience: A review. Landscape and Urban Planning, 147, 38-49.
Mohanty, C. T. (1988). Under Western eyes: Feminist scholarship and colonial discourses. Feminist Review, 30(1), 61-88.
Moreno, L. (2002). Bienestar Mediterráneo y "supermujeres". Revista Española de Sociología, 2, 41-57.
OECD (2014). Guidelines for resilience systems analysis. OECD.
Panter-Brick C. (2014). Health, risk, and resilience: Interdisciplinary concepts and applications. Annual Review of Anthropology, 43, 431–448.
Pastor, F., V. (2019). Empoderamiento económico y trabajo doméstico. Retrieved from https://wikigender.oecdcode.org/es/index.html%3Fp=15882.html
Pérez Orozco, A. (2014). Subversión Feminista de la Economía: Aportes para un Debate sobre el Conflicto Capital – Vida. Traficantes de sueños.
Pickett, S.T.A., Cadenasso, M.L. and Grove J.M. (2004). Resilient cities: meaning, models, and metaphor for integrating the ecological, socio-economic, and planning realms. Landscape and Urban Planning, 69(4), 369-384.
Rubin, G. (1975). The traffic in women: notes on the political economy of sex. In R. Reiter (Ed.), Toward and Anthropology of Women (pp. l57-210). Monthly Review Press.
Smyth, I. and Sweetman, C. (2015) Introduction: Gender and Resilience. Gender & Development, 23(3), 405-414. https://doi.org/10.1080/13552074.2015.1113769
Southwick, S. M., Bonanno, G. A., Masten, A. S., Panter-Brick, C., and Yehuda, R. (2014). Resilience definitions, theory, and challenges: interdisciplinary perspectives. European journal of psychotraumatology, 5. 10.3402/ejpt.v5.25338
Thywissen, K. (2006). Core terminology of disaster reduction: A comparative glossary. In J. Birkmann (Ed.), Measuring vulnerability to natural hazards. Towards disaster resilient societies (pp. 448-496). United Nations University.
Trujillo, S. (2011). Resiliencia: ¿Proceso o capacidad? Una lectura crítica del concepto de resiliencia en 14 universidades colombianas. Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología: Ciencia y Tecnología, 4(1), 13-22.
Tschakert, P. and Tuana, N. (2013). Situated Resilience: Reframing Vulnerability and Security in the Context of Climate Change. In J. Dugard, A.L. St Clair, S. Gloppen (Eds.), Climate Talk: Rights, Poverty and Justice (pp. 75-96). Juta and Company.
UN Women (2015). Trabajo doméstico y de cuidados no remunerado. Transformar nuestro mundo. México: UN Women.
Virokannas, E., Liuski, S. and Kuronen, M. (2018). The contested concept of vulnerability: a literature review. European Journal of Social Work, 23(2), 327-339.
Walker, J. and Cooper, M. (2011). Genealogies of resilience: From systems ecology to the political economy of crisis adaptation. Security Dialogue, 42(2), 143–160.
Wakefield, S. and Zimmerman, K. (2020). Re-imagining resilience: supporting feminist women to lead development with transformative practice. Gender & Development, 28(1), 155–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/13552074.2020.1717198
Williams, F. (2018). Intersectionality, gender and social policy. In S. Shaver (Ed.), Handbook on Gender and Social Policy (pp. 37-54). Edward Elgar Publishing.
Wittig, M. (1980). The straight mind. Feminist Issues, 1(1), 103–111.
World Bank (2013). Building Resilience: Integrating Climate and Disaster Risk into Development. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development; The World Bank.
Young, K. (1993). Planning Development with Women: Making a World of Difference. McMillan.
Yuval-Davis, N. (2006). Intersectionality and feminist politics. European Journal of Women's Studies, 13(3), 193-209.